The knight in the big world of American TV series

Chapter 2129 I am fat and I am proud! (Please give me a monthly ticket!!!)

Chapter 2129 I am fat and I am proud! (Please give me a monthly ticket!!!)

My brother is always a little fat guy, which can be seen from his body shape.

Being fat means good health, at least for Titans. In fact, fat is never a bad thing for any creature, and only humans in the world are bored enough to lose weight!

This is extremely anti-human... no, it should be said to be anti-biological instinct!

Storing fat is an evolutionary advantage for humans, so losing weight is a "struggle" for that evolutionary advantage. The difficulty is imaginable, and failure in losing weight is understandable. For overweight people, the standard for successful weight loss is to lose 5% or more of body weight and keep it off for more than a year.

Humans are gifted at gaining weight! If gaining weight is a survival skill unique to humans, then some people must be gifted at this skill. After all, in the adult world, it is not easy to gain weight. How do humans gain weight? How sensitive is the body to "fat"? Let's talk about the brief history of human obesity and teach you how to keep your weight stable scientifically.

How important is “gaining weight” in the history of human evolution?

For a long period of time in the history of evolution, due to the constraints of productivity, most early humans lived in a state of hunger and fullness. Since there was no condition to store food for a long time, once they found food or hunted prey, they would eat as much as possible and convert it into fat to survive when there was no food. From the transition from prehistoric times to ancient times, "fat" was gradually regarded as a sign of health, wealth and abundance.

Gaining weight is a necessity for human evolution!

Evolution has significantly increased brain capacity, height, and weight, which has also significantly increased energy requirements. Compared with grains and protein, energy obtained from fat is much more efficient. In a harsh living environment, it is a good thing for people to gain weight quickly, and the genetic advantage of gaining weight has been continuously preserved in natural selection. Simply put, in an environment where food is insufficient, the more fat a person has, the stronger their ability to survive.

Humans love fat!

The reason why people like to eat sweets and crispy fried foods is the "nature" inherited from their ancestors. Sugar can be converted into energy quickly, and excess sugar can also be quickly converted into fat. Oil has relatively high energy, and the intake of both is beneficial to human survival. In addition to providing energy for humans as always, fat is also quietly protecting internal organs and resisting cold. Among the eight nutrients necessary for the brain, fat ranks first. Dietary fat can also help the body absorb fat-soluble nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E. Without fat, the "energy warehouse", humans may not be able to survive and reproduce.

How sensitive is the body to "weight"? If storing fat is an evolutionary advantage of humans, then losing weight is a struggle between humans and their own advantages. The difficulty can be imagined. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that two hormone indicators (leptin and growth hormone) play a dominant role in weight changes. Humans are very sensitive to body fat and weight loss. Once they notice a significant decrease in both, they immediately stimulate their appetite to remind the body to eat more food to maintain their original weight. When the basal metabolic level decreases, the minimum energy consumption will also decrease, and the body will work hard to "save back" the calories you have consumed. This "selfish" phenomenon shown by the human body can also be understood from an evolutionary perspective: in the long evolution, food sources are often insufficient, and the reduction of weight or body fat poses a major threat to survival and reproduction. The function of maintaining or increasing weight and body fat has gradually been retained in the process of human evolution. Therefore, these evolutionary advantage functions that determine the survival of the species have made today's obese people more and more hungry, and ended in failure.

Wild animals' pursuit of fat is mainly reflected in their preference for foods rich in fat, because fat can provide more energy. For example, carnivores such as lions and hyenas will first eat fat-rich viscera and subcutaneous fat after capturing prey, because these parts have a higher energy density and help them store energy when food is scarce. In addition, some animals rely on fat as their main source of energy during the dry season, because water is a scarce resource in the wild, and fat can provide energy without the need for additional water.

The importance of fat in animal diets is also reflected in the energy and nutritional value it provides. Fat is not only an important source of energy, but also contains many essential nutrients, such as vitamins A, D, E and K, which are found in higher concentrations in fat. Therefore, wild animals will give priority to foods rich in fat to meet their physiological needs.

For humans, especially modern people, fat is always considered a bad thing, and fat people are even discriminated against.

But for wild animals, being fat represents an advantage and is more popular!

In cold seasons, animals need more energy to maintain their body temperature. Therefore, they will increase their fat reserves by consuming more food. This behavior occurs in many mammals, such as bears and squirrels. These animals eat a lot before winter comes and store the excess energy as fat. In this way, they can rely on this fat to maintain their life activities during the cold winter. What is the emotional and psychological mechanism behind the behavior of animals hoarding fat? From the perspective of animal behavior, hoarding fat is an instinctive reaction of self-protection. Animals accumulate fat to improve their survival ability in response to environmental changes. Behind this protective behavior, there is actually an emotional need: a sense of security. For animals, hoarding fat means better survival security, which brings a kind of psychological comfort and satisfaction. Next, we will compare and connect animal behavior with human emotional psychology. In human society, people also show similar hoarding behavior. For example, in times of economic hardship, people may store food and other necessities of life to prevent possible crises in the future. The psychological mechanism behind this behavior is very similar to the behavior of animals hoarding fat: the need for a sense of security and self-protection. Hoarding behavior is also closely related to a kind of human emotion and psychology - anxiety. When people face uncertainty and pressure, they often feel anxious. In order to alleviate this emotion, people may take some actions to improve their sense of security, such as hoarding material resources, seeking social support, etc. These behaviors are actually a kind of self-protection and coping strategy made by people when facing uncertain factors. Behind the fat hoarding behavior of animals, there is an emotional psychological mechanism hidden: the need for security and self-protection.

If a lion is fat and strong, it means it has good hunting skills, is strong and fast.

What does this mean?

It means it has good genes!

Therefore, it is more likely to gain the favor of the lioness... Of course, it still has to fight with the original male lion in the end, but its size itself is a huge advantage!

This is true for wild animals.

The same is true for Titan.

After all, Titans are animals... right?

Okay, this is a bit of an exaggeration. Your animals don’t participate in the natural cycle, and they don’t even need to eat... let alone organic matter, they don’t even eat inorganic matter!

Just absorbing the radiation is enough... Amazing or not, the key is that these things can actually transform radiation, an invisible and intangible pure energy, into a flesh-and-blood entity... It's outrageous!

Even though plants don't eat food, they still need to absorb minerals and water, and also sunlight to participate in the energy cycle.

Titan doesn't need it, just lie there and absorb the radiation and everything can be synthesized!

What's even more outrageous is that the Earth can actually support the birth of such a monster. This is completely against the laws of nature! Will the Earth allow a creature as huge as Godzilla to exist? Yes, it will allow it to exist, but according to the environment on Earth, the larger the creature, the higher the environmental requirements. A huge body requires extremely hard bones to support it, thick blood vessels to maintain blood circulation, and a strong heart. It's not that the Earth has never had huge creatures, such as dinosaurs, but the oxygen content of the air on Earth where they live is very high.

The earliest organisms on Earth were single-celled. If organisms had always been single-celled, would they have had a chance to grow into a monster like Godzilla? In our impression, cells are always too small to be seen by the naked eye. You may say that organisms composed of such small cells naturally cannot grow very large, but in fact, a single cell can also grow very large. There is a reason why cells cannot grow large. The larger the cell volume, the smaller its relative surface area, that is, the ratio of surface area to volume, and the lower the efficiency of cell material transportation, which will inevitably affect the cell's absorption of nutrients. In addition, the amount of genetic material in the cell will not change. If the cell is too large, it will also affect the control of the cell nucleus over the cell and subsequent metabolic activities, so the cell will not grow very large. However, there are always exceptions. Over the years, organisms have actually figured out a way to make cells grow larger. A single cell nucleus cannot control a body that is too large. What if there are multiple cell nuclei? Fernleaf Pteris can be said to be the largest single-celled organism discovered so far. The largest Fernleaf Pteris can reach 3 meters. This plant, which looks very similar to a fern plant and has all the "organs" such as leaves, stems, and roots, is actually just a huge cell. The multi-nuclear strategy adopted by the fir-leaf ferns is that many independent nuclei are wrapped in a mass of cytoplasm. The nuclei in different parts produce proteins with different functions, which branch continuously and form complex leaf shapes. If strict requirements are met, there can only be one nucleus in a single cell, and organisms have also evolved a general method: make the cytoplasm as thin and long as possible to expand the surface area. In shallow sea areas, there lives an algae called Umbrella algae. The Umbrella algae is as its name suggests, with umbrella caps of various shapes on a straight long stalk, which can be up to 10 cm high. Unlike fir-leaf ferns, the entire Umbrella algae is a large cell with only one nucleus. In multicellular organisms including humans, there are also large single cells - nerve cells. In order to transmit nerve signals to every corner of the body, nerve cells will continue to extend, getting longer and longer. For example, the nerve cells of blue whales can extend from the brain to the tail, up to 25 meters. In order to feed the "huge" nerve cells, animals wrap a large number of glial cells around the nerve cells to nourish the nerve cells from the outside.

Obviously, it is a bit difficult for a single cell to grow into a giant. It is difficult for it to complete all the physiological functions of an organism, and it needs the help of other cells. So how big can a large number of cells grow together? According to the Guinness World Records, the "largest organism on earth" is a giant honey fungus found in the Malheur National Forest in Oregon, USA. It covers an area of ​​8.9 square kilometers, is estimated to be 2400 years old, and has a total mass of up to 605 tons. The mycelium of honey fungus is hidden deep underground and spreads around by emitting spores, growing larger and larger as time goes by. The largest single organism in the strict sense is the giant sequoia called "General Sherman Tree", which is located in the Sequoia National Park on the west side of the Nevada Mountains in the United States. "General Sherman Tree" is 83.8 meters high, with a base diameter of 11.1 meters, a volume of about 1487 cubic meters, and a weight of about 2800 tons. It is estimated to be between 2150 and 3100 years old. Historical records describe several larger giant sequoias, but they were cut down by humans in the late 19th century.

These huge creatures are still far behind Godzilla. What limits their size?

Whether it is honey fungus or the "General Sherman Tree", the first factor that determines their size is the amount of resources in the natural environment. Fungi and plants cannot walk, and can only rely on soil (and the organisms in it) and sunlight to supplement their nutrition. Honey fungus needs to rely on hyphae to absorb nutrients from surrounding plants. As it continues to expand its territory, the nutrients of the plants are plundered, and large areas of surrounding forests wither. The same is true for plants. As they grow larger, they need more nutrients and sunlight. When the energy obtained is insufficient, the plants stop growing.

For a single plant, even if the nutrient supply is sufficient, its own physiological structure will limit its size. Plants absorb water and inorganic substances through their roots. Therefore, unlike animals, these nutrients are transported from the bottom to the top of the plant body. The direction of nutrient movement is opposite to the direction of gravity. Plants need to use a lot of force to send nutrients to high places. The taller the plant grows, the greater the gravity it needs to resist. When it reaches a certain height, the leaves at the top cannot obtain nutrients, and inorganic substances cannot be replenished. The tree will get sick, and photosynthesis that uses water as raw material will be interrupted, and eventually stop growing.

Compared with plants, animals are subject to more restrictions when growing, so the size of animals is far less than that of plants. At present, the largest land animal we know is the sauropod dinosaur, which can be more than 40 meters long and weigh up to 70 tons. Unfortunately, sauropods are still like cats and dogs to elephants in front of Godzilla. When an animal grows 1 times taller, the area of ​​its body touching the ground will increase 4 times, its volume will increase to 8 times the original, and its mass will also increase proportionally. The skeleton needs to evolve the ability to support the additional weight-for example, increasing bone density. And muscles not only require more energy to drive a huge body, but also put additional pressure on the heart and lungs. Sauropods have found a good way to support a heavier body without consuming too much energy. They feed on plants and use a long and flexible neck to wander around looking for food, while their bodies stay in place. Even so, sauropods may have reached the ceiling of the size of land creatures on Earth. If a life form expands its size infinitely, the final result will cause it to fall down because it cannot support its huge body. So what about aquatic animals? So far, the largest marine creature discovered is the blue whale, which is 33 meters long and weighs 181 tons. Due to buoyancy, aquatic animals do not have to worry about being unable to stand, so they can grow larger than land animals. However, nature has put shackles on marine creatures in other places. Similar to land animals, for every doubling of the length of marine creatures, the surface area increases fourfold, while the volume and mass increase eightfold, which is equivalent to an eight-fold increase in the number of cells. Roughly speaking, the heat generated by the cells increases eightfold, while the heat dissipated through the skin can only increase fourfold at most. Therefore, even if the whole body is immersed in the ocean, the overly large blue whale will eventually suffer heat damage due to excessive heat generation and untimely heat dissipation. Therefore, in order to protect its own internal organs, the ocean environment cannot support the existence of giant Godzilla.

But unfortunately, Godzilla and other Titans exist.

So air really has no role in the survival of Titans?

So why does the Oxygen Destroyer work on Godzilla?

That would be fine, but the key point is that they can actually produce fat through radiation!

And fat is important to them!

Being fat is definitely not a disadvantage for Titans, but rather a huge advantage!

That means they are powerful!

Godzilla is very powerful!

Because it's fat!

And Godzilla is very proud of it!